PART A FACILITIES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 1.1 The scope of facilities: Introduction.
1.1.1 "Definitions: Facilities, Facilities management, The Intelligent Client Function (ICF), Sponsorship, Intelligence, Services management, Liaison/contract management."
1.1.2 Services Management Structure
1.1.3 "Facilities Cost Centres: Facilities management, Premises, Support services, Information and communication technology (ICT), Service charges, The significance of a broad scope."
1.1.4 The Facilities Mission
1.1.5 "Facilities and the Corporate Plan: The premises policy, Premises economics, The support services policy."
1.1.6 "Core and Non-core Activities: The distinction, The out-sourced approach, Impact of professional development." 1.2 The performance of facilities: Introduction.
1.2.1 "The Concept of Performance: Management and performance, The three facets of performance."
1.2.2 The Performance of Facilities: Categories of provision.
1.2.3 "The performance of facilities services: Facilities services, Performance indicators, Service level, agreements , Cross-charging, ÔBack-to-backÕ agreements, Quality of service, Implementing the full internal market, Benchmarking."
1.2.4 "The Performance of Building: The significance of building performance, Definition of building performance, The three facets of building performance, The physical performance of buildings, The functional performance of buildings, The financial performance of buildings - initial and operating costs, The financial performance of buildings - investment and functional values, Measuring building performance, Building performance and the facilities manager."
1.2.5 "Performance and Value Management: The value tree, Redundant performance." 1.3 The costs of facilities: Introduction.
1.3.1 "Cost Comparisons - The Principles: Problems with data, Pan-European classification protocol, Cultural differences."
1.3.2 "General Cost Comparisons: Interpolation, Service, level components, Macro-economic factors, Total costs." 2.1 Facilities management: Introduction.
2.1.1 "Scope of Facilities Management: The emergence of facilities management, The mission, Scope of responsibilities, Management functions and skill requirements."
2.1.2 "Management and Procurement Structures: Facilities management organisation, Structures for in-house management, The Ôintelligent clientÕ, Case Studies - the Intelligent Client Function."
2.1.3 "Outsourcing: Practical criteria for deciding on an outsourced solution, Economic issues, Size of operation, Pay structures, Experience, Quality issues, Motivation, Flexibility, The availability of skills."
2.1.4 "Devolved Responsibility: Value management of change, Policy control, Taking independent advice, Directive management options, Shared savings, The partnering approach, Supply chain management, The devolved risk, Familiarisation and due diligence, Can outsourcing work?, The help desk."
2.1.5 The Cost of Facilities Management 2.2 Value management: Introduction.
2.2.1 The Concept of Value: Definitions.
2.2.2 "Value for Money: Definition, Best Value, Affordability."
2.2.3 "VALUE MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES: Definitions, Value management of facilities, Value management and value engineering."
2.2.4 "The Value Management Process: A structured approach, The three facets of value management, Value management in a facilities context, Risk, quality, cost and value."
2.2.5 "Value Management Procedures: Value management stages, An overview of the whole process, Stage 1 - identification and appraisal, Relocation and Development, Stage 2 - implementation, Stage 3 - monitoring."
2.2.6 "The 'Balanced Scorecard': Mission and strategy, The Balanced, Scorecard in a facilities context, Setting up the Balanced Scorecard, Process maps."
2.2.7 "Benchmarking - A Key Tool of Value Management: Definition of Benchmarking, Best practice, Benchmark targets, The peer group data."
2.2.8 Value Management in Context 2.3 Financial management: Introduction.
2.3.1 "Definitions: Financial accounting, Financial control."
2.3.2 "The Principles of Financial Control: Cost-effectiveness, These three facets of financial control."
2.3.3 "Value Engineering: Value engineering and value management, The concept of value."
2.3.4 Competitive Procurement
2.3.5 "Budgetary Control: Definition, Pro-active budgetary control, Estimates and assumptions."
2.3.6 Interdependence of the Three Facets
2.3.7 Financial Appraisal Techniques: Discounted cash flow.
2.3.8 "Financial Accounting: Financial accounts and the facilities manager, The role of financial accounts, The report and accounts, Profit and loss account, Balance sheet, Cash flow statement, Statement of total recognised gains and losses, Statutes and standards, Taxation, Treatment of facilities costs in the accounts, Property assets and the accounts."
2.3.9 Analysis of Accounts
2.3.10 "Ratio Analysis: Balance sheet ratios, Profit and loss account ratios." 2.4 Quality management: Introduction.
2.4.1 Quality and the Facilities Policy
2.4.2 "The Business Case: Educational issues, Justifying the strategy."
2.4.3 "Quality Management Procedures: The processes, Quality Assurance, Specification, Performance specification, Key performance indicators (KPIs), Output performance specification, Prescriptive (input) specification, Measuring quality - attitudes, Measuring process output performance, Measuring input performance, Measuring policy output performance - user satisfaction surveys, Complaints."
2.4.4 Investing in Quality 2.5 Risk management: Introduction.
2.5.1 THE RISK CENTRES
2.5.2 "THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS: The three facets of risk management, Risk identification, Risk appraisal, Risk containment, Monitoring."
2.5.3 RISK TRANSFER
2.5.4 FORMAL V INFORMAL APPROACH 2.6 Information management: Introduction.
2.6.1 "DATA AND INFORMATION: The data processing cycle, Data and information flow."
2.6.2 KNOWLEDGE
2.6.3 "THE INTERNET AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT: A culture change, Content Management, E-commerce, Information concentration, Independent v integrated information."
2.6.4 "WORKFLOW: Workflow Management System, Document Management, Email."
2.6.5 FACILITIES INFORMATION AND APPLICATIONS
2.6.6 "FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: CAD-based systems, Cafoms, Cafims, Help desk systems, The economics of computer-aided facilities management systems."
2.6.7 "E-FM: The Internet and facilities management, Intelligence gathering, Performance information, E-procurement, e-Tendering, Control of projects and service delivery."
2.6.8 "Legal context for information: Legal constraints, Accounts, Computers - mis-use, Contempt of Court, Copyright, designs and patents protection, Data protection legislation, Insider dealing, Market abuse in the financial market, Official secrets, Privacy, Taxation, Tendering." 2.7 Asset management: Introduction.
2.7.1 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
2.7.2 CATEGORIES OF ASSETS
2.7.3 "PROPERTY ASSET MANAGEMENT: Property v premises, Property management functions, Performance appraisal, The condition of the property, Ownership and professional advice, The cost of property investment management."
2.7.4 "INVENTORY ASSET MANAGEMENT: The facility managerÕs role, Asset registers."
2.7.5 ASSET DEPRECIATION
2.7.6 ASSET STRIPPING 2.8 Project management: Introduction.
2.8.1 PROJECT RISK EXPOSURE
2.8.2 "PROGRAMME MANAGEMENT TOOLS: Principal generic tools, Milestone chart, The Gantt chart, Critical path method (CPM/PERT) - network analysis, Float management, Resource allocation, Operational scheduling, Work breakdown structure (WBS), ÔSÕ curve progress analysis chart, Line of balance (LOB), Computerised applications."
2.8.3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT QUALITIES 2.9 Change management: Introduction.
2.9.1 BUSINESS CHANGE
2.9.2 MANAGING CHANGE - THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH
2.9.3 "CHANGE AND THE FACILITIES MANAGER: The key principles, Mergers and takeovers."
PART B PREMISES 3.1 Interests in property: Introduction.
3.1.1 FREEHOLD INTERESTS
3.1.2 "LEASEHOLD INTERESTS: Types of lease, Building leases, Building Agreement and Agreement for a Lease, Occupation leases, Sub-leases, Assignments."
3.1.3 LICENCES: The nature of a licence.
3.1.4 RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS
3.1.5 "ACCESS: NeighboursÕ Land, Countryside and rights of way, Wayleaves and Easements, Landlords, Statutory bodies."
3.1.6 Duty of care to visitors and others 3.2 Leasehold conditions: Introduction.
3.2.1 THE CONSTRUCTION OF A LEASE
3.2.2 "RENT: The nature and payment of rent, Failure to pay rent, or delay, Rent reviews, Rent suspension, Rent on renewals of a lease."
3.2.3 "REPAIRS, MAINTENANCE AND INSURANCE: Full repairing and insuring lease (FRI), Multiple occupation leases, Insurance, Entry."
3.2.4 "LANDLORD'S APPROVALS: Alienation, Alterations and improvements."
3.2.5 SALE AND LEASEBACK
3.2.6 SURRENDER AND RENEWAL
3.2.7 LEASE RENEWAL - ISSUES AND OPTIONS: Grounds for possession.
3.2.8 REDEVELOPMENT AND REFURBISHMENT 3.3 LandlordÕs asset management and service charges: Introduction.
3.3.1 "DEALING WITH PHYSICAL DETERIORATION: The problem and its treatment, Enforcement of the repairing covenants."
3.3.2 "SERVICE CHARGES: The nature and purpose, The content of service charges, Key financial issues, Scope of the service contract."
3.3.3 COST LEVELS
3.3.4 RESERVE FUNDS AND SINKING FUNDS
3.3.5 QUALITY AND TYPE OF WORK
3.3.6 DISPUTES
3.3.7 APPORTIONMENT OF CHARGES 3.4 The valuation process: Introduction.
3.4.1 "THE ROLE OF THE VALUER/ESTATES SURVEYOR: Professional services, Professional qualifications, Why use a recognised asset valuer?"
3.4.2 THE VALUATION CONSULTANT
3.4.3 RICS APPRAISAL AND VALUATION MANUAL
3.4.4 CODE OF MEASURING PRACTICE
3.4.5 EUROPEAN VALUATION STANDARDS (EVS 2000)
3.4.6 SOME NUANCES OF THE TERM 'VALUE'
3.4.7 THE VALUATION CERTIFICATE OR REPORT
3.4.8 "DISPUTE RESOLUTION: Differences or disputes, Criteria for selection, Disputes on a professionalÕs conduct, Valuation matters." 3.5 Valuation methodology: Introduction.
3.5.1 APPROACHES TO VALUATION
3.5.2 DIRECT COMPARISON METHOD
3.5.3 "INVESTMENT METHOD: The rental level, Factors affecting yields, Investment value calculations, The ÔYears PurchaseÕ multiplier, Single and dual rate multipliers, Inflation and the investment yield, The equated yield, Refinements of these investment valuation techniques."
3.5.4 THE RESIDUAL METHOD
3.5.5 THE PROFITS METHOD
3.5.6 VALUATIONS BASED UPON COST
3.5.7 RECONCILIATION
3.5.8 VALUATION OF LEASEHOLDS: The sinking fund.
3.5.9 PREMIUMS AND SUMS ON ASSIGNMENTS
3.5.10 SURRENDERS
3.5.11 REVERSE PREMIUM AND SURRENDER VALUES
3.5.12 SALE AND LEASEBACK
3.5.13 PRIVATE FINANCE INITIATIVES/PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS 3.6 Premises and property ÔinvestmentÕ: Introduction.
3.6.1 "THE NATURE OF PROPERTY AS AN INVESTMENT: Factors influencing value, Rent review or indexation intervals, Expected rental growth, Yield impact, Risk factors."
3.6.2 "OWNERSHIP AND INTERMEDIARIES: Objectives of direct property ownership, Status of direct owner, Indirect property ownership, Categories of owner, Financial intermediaries."
3.6.3 "THE MARKET FOR PROPERTY: The Ôproperty marketÕ, Property investment criteria, Location and property, Quality of a property portfolio, The owner-occupierÕs portfolio." 3.7 Property insurance and other cover: Introduction.
3.7.1 PRINCIPLES OF INSURANCE
3.7.2 "NEED FOR INSURANCE: Risk management by insurance, Compulsory insurances, Contractual insurance obligations."
3.7.3 "TYPICAL PERILS AND ALL RISK COVER: Material damage insurance, Getting the right cover, Consequential loss."
3.7.4 "ACQUIRING, PROCURING AND HOLDING PROPERTY: Acquisition issues, Funding and insurance, Construction issues, Remedies, Occupation issues, EmployerÕs liability insurance, Public liability insurance, Contents insurance, All risks policy check, Professional indemnity insurance, Loss of rent insurance."
3.7.5 "VALUATIONS FOR INSURANCE: Approaches, Reinstatement value, Modern substitute building, First loss, Market value approach."
3.7.6 "INSURANCE PREMIUMS: Premium rating, Taxation."
3.7.7 ADMINISTRATION
3.7.8 "CLAIMS: Planning and preparation, Avoidance of claims, Under-insurance and average, Lease terms." 3.8 Depreciation of property: Introduction.
3.8.1 "THE MEANING AND SIGNIFICANCE OF DEPRECIATION: Meaning, Significance, Practice."
3.8.2 "THE FIVE FACETS OF ECONOMIC LIFE OF PROPERTY: Economic obsolescence, Functional obsolescence, Strategic obsolescence, Environmental obsolescence, Configurative obsolescence, Building performance, Land."
3.8.3 PREMATURE OBSOLESCENCE
3.8.4 CALCULATION OF DEPRECIATION
3.8.5 INFLATION AND DEPRECIATION 3.9 Property management: Introduction.
3.9.1 "THE TRADITIONAL CONCEPT OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT: The income, The investment value, The operational condition, LandlordÕs asset management, In-house property management."
3.9.2 PROPERTY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
3.9.3 PROPERTY MANAGEMENT RECORDS 4.1 Space - the premises cost driver: Introduction.
4.1.1 SPACE PLANNING ACROSS THE EU
4.1.2 "SPACE USE: Developing the space budget, Building appraisal, Rentable area vs occupiable area, Quality of space, Choosing the best building."
4.1.3 "SPACE AUDIT: The need to audit space, The process of auditing space, Reviewing the demands of information and communication technology (ICT)."
4.1.4 "FACILITY AND SPACE PLANNING: The traditional stages of space planning, Space auditing, Organisational brief, Space use guidelines, Developing the space budget, Stacking plans, Planning concepts, Blocking plans, Initial layouts, Final layouts, Integration with the furniture process, Space standards, What are guidelines?, Space standards in the Ô70s, Guidelines in the Ô80s, Who are guidelines written for?, Influencing key decision makers, Guidelines for the turn of the century, Whatever happened to space standards?, Planning efficiency."
4.1.5 "THE COST OF SPACE: Total premises costs in the context of turnover, UK variations, Effects of varying density."
4.1.6 "FUTURE TRENDS IN SPACE USE: New influences, The diversity of office work, New role of the workplace, Efficiency vs effectiveness, New concepts, Typical options from a workplace strategy, Owned desk, Owned office, Shared (hot) desk, Shared (hot) office, Touchdown, Study booth/carrel, Formal meeting rooms, Informal meeting area, Quiet area/room, Project space, Service area, New protocols, Non-territorial space planning, Outsourced Work Space." 4.2 ÔChurnÕ: Introduction.
4.2.1 THE COST: The cost drivers.
4.2.2 THE RATE OF CHURN
4.2.3 MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL: Control mechanisms.
4.2.4 MANAGING THE MOVE
4.2.5 MANAGEMENT POLICIES 5.1 Premises operating costs in context: Introduction.
5.1.1 OPERATING COST CENTRES
5.1.2 OPERATING COSTS AND PERFORMANCE
5.1.3 OPERATING COSTS AND TOTAL REVENUE EXPENDITURE 5.2 Maintenance: Introduction.
5.2.1 MAINTENANCE AND BUILDING PERFORMANCE: The components of maintenance.
5.2.2 "MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT: In-house v out-sourcing, Maintenance policy and strategies, Alterations disguised as maintenance, Prioritisation, Performance indicators, Maintenance management programs."
5.2.3 MAINTENANCE OF THE FABRIC: Typical expenditure.
5.2.4 MAINTENANCE OF THE BUILDING SERVICES: Typical expenditure.
5.2.5 "MAINTENANCE OF THE GROUNDS: Style and quality, Issues of location, Costs and quality, Standards and codes of practice, Contents of the Cost Centre, Typical expenditure on grounds maintenance, Benefits of exterior landscaping, Hard or soft landscaping?"
5.2.6 "LIFE CYCLES: Building life, Component life." 5.3 Cleaning: Introduction.
5.3.1 "CLEANING AND BUILDING PERFORMANCE: Contents of the cost centre, The reasons for cleaning, Quality and performance."
5.3.2 "MANAGEMENT OF CLEANING: Supervision, Contract cleaning, Cleaning and component life-cycle."
5.3.3 "THE COST OF CLEANING: The cost drivers, Typical distribution of costs."
5.3.4 "SOME PRACTICAL ISSUES: Internal areas, External surfaces."
5.3.5 TOILETS AND WASHROOMS: Consumables and appliances.
5.3.6 HEALTH AND SAFETY ETC 5.4 Energy: Introduction.
5.4.1 "THE IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY: Economic importance, Environmental importance."
5.4.2 "ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: Sources of pollution, Reducing carbon dioxide emissions, Non-carbon alternatives, Reducing energy consumption in buildings, Efficient conversion, Emissions trading, Climate change levy."
5.4.3 "LEGISLATION, REGULATION AND STANDARDS RELATING TO ENERGY USE IN BUILDINGS"
5.4.4 "ENERGY PURCHASING: The end of energy monopolies, Competition and franchise, Factors in energy pricing, Comparing prices, Negotiating energy prices, Shared savings."
5.4.5 "ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BUILDINGS: Consumption and costs, Space heating energy, Energy for cooling systems, Natural cooling, Lighting energy, Combined heat and power (CHP)."
5.4.6 "IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS: Energy and comfort, Diagnosis, Benchmarking, Energy signatures, Energy surveys, Checklisting, Energy audits."
5.4.7 "MONITORING AND BUDGETING: Energy monitoring, Budgeting."
5.4.8 "INVESTING IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY: The general issue of investment, Investment appraisal, Prior estimates of energy savings from cost reduction measures, Building energy management systems (BEMS), Lighting control systems, Budgeting for capital investment."
5.4.9 EMBODIED ENERGY
5.4.10 THE FUTURE FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT 5.5 Water and sewerage services: Introduction.
5.5.1 "THE SOURCES AND NATURE OF WATER SUPPLY: Sources of water supply, Drinking water quality from public water supplies, Water supply from direct abstraction."
5.5.2 "WATER SUPPLY POLICIES: Policies, Water supply hierarchies, Facilities controls."
5.5.3 "ECONOMICS OF WATER SUPPLY: Basis of charging, Metered supplies, Conservation measures, Abstraction charges."
5.5.4 "THE SOURCES AND NATURE OF SEWERAGE SERVICES: Sewerage services - domestic, Sewerage services - industrial."
5.5.5 "SEWERAGE SERVICES POLICIES: Sewerage hierarchies, Facilities controls."
5.5.6 ECONOMICS OF SEWERAGE SERVICES
5.5.7 SEWERS AND WATER PIPES 5.6 Waste management: Introduction.
5.6.1 WASTE AND THE FACILITIES MANAGER
5.6.2 WASTE - POLICY AND STRUCTURE
5.6.3 Definition of Waste
5.6.4 LEGAL FRAMEWORK
5.6.5 KEY STATUTES
5.6.6 "WASTE CLASSIFICATION: Directive waste, European Waste Catalogue, Hazardous waste, Clinical waste, Municipal waste."
5.6.7 "PRACTICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT: Industrial waste facilities controls, The waste management hierarchy, Life cycle analysis, Waste prevention and reduction, Waste re-use, Waste recovery and recycling, Waste treatment and disposal."
5.6.8 "RESPONSIBILITY FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT: Duty of care, Suspected breach in the Duty of Care, Producers and Packaging, Social responsibilities." 5.7 Interior landscaping and dŽcor: Introduction.
5.7.1 INTERIOR LANDSCAPING AND DƒCOR IN CONTEXT
5.7.2 THE COST OF INTERIOR LANDSCAPING AND DƒCOR
5.7.3 "INTERIOR LANDSCAPING - PROCUREMENT: Options, Domestic provision, Outsourced services."
5.7.4 "SPECIFICATION OF PLANTS: Artificial plants, Natural planting, Health and comfort benefits."
5.7.5 OBJETS D'ART
5.7.6 "LEGISLATION AND STANDARDS: Legislation, Standards." 5.8 Environmental management strategy: Introduction.
5.8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
5.8.2 STAKEHOLDERS
5.8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY
5.8.4 CONTAMINATION AND POLLUTION
5.8.5 "SUSPECTED CONTAMINATION OF LAND: Remediation, Methods, Remediation notices, Migration of contamination, Land Condition Reports (LCR), Valuation."
5.8.6 SUSTAINABLE NEW DEVELOPMENT
5.8.7 GREEN TRANSPORT PLANNING
5.8.8 ENVIRONMENTAL WORKING OPERATIONS
5.8.9 ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY INSURANCE
5.8.10 ENVIRONMENTAL LAND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
5.8.11 ENVIRONMENTAL TAXATION
5.8.12 ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING
5.8.13 ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS 6.1 The nature of fitting-out and alterations: Introduction.
6.1.1 "DEFINITIONS: Shell, scenery and services, Fitting-out, ÔShell-and-coreÕ, Alterations and adaptations, Replacement, Refurbishment."
6.1.2 "CATEGORIES OF FITTING-OUT: DeveloperÕs fit-out, Open plan, Cellular layout, Part open/part cellular, Non-territorial."
6.1.3 SPECIAL AREAS 6.2 Fitting-out costs: Introduction.
6.2.1 "FITTING-OUT COSTS IN CONTEXT: Fitting-out costs over time, The cost drivers."
6.2.2 "GENERAL OFFICE AREAS: Fit-out from shell-and-core, Open plan v cellular layout, Fitting-out special areas." 6.3 Procuring the project: Introduction.
6.3.1 "THE PROJECT PROCUREMENT PROCESS: Objectives, responsibilities and project management, EU procurement rules, Procurement and cost control, The stages of project procurement."
6.3.2 "THE FEASIBILITY STUDY: The objective, The study team, The appraisal process."
6.3.3 "BRIEFING: The contents of the brief, The importance of the brief, Performance specification, Life-cycle implications."
6.3.4 "PROCURING THE DESIGN TEAM: Selecting the vehicle - the options, Contractor design - pros and cons, Selecting the team, Contract arrangements, Reimbursement for consultancy services."
6.3.5 "PROCURING THE WORKS: Selecting the procurement route, Lump sum contracts, Cost reimbursement contracts, ÔWith-designÕ construction contracts, Decennial insurance, The best route."
6.3.6 "BUDGETARY CONTROL: Introduction, The principles, The applications, The estimating process, Cost reporting, Cost monitoring, The ÔJournalÕ system of financial control, Risks to budgetary control."
6.3.7 "VALUE ENGINEERING: Definition, The applications, The processes, Minimising costs, Buildability, Risks to value engineering, Target costing."
6.3.8 "QUALITY CONTROL: Quality of design, Quality of the works."
6.3.9 "THE PROGRAMME: Time and the fitting-out process, The time drivers."
6.3.10 "PERCEPTIONS OF RISK: Price certainty, Comparative costs."
6.3.11 RISK AVOIDANCE
PART C SUPPORT SERVICES 7.1 Security: Introduction.
7.1.1 "THE RISK CENTRES: Categories of risk, Premises, Infrastructure and utilities security, Personnel, Equipment, Data, Information systems, Public relations."
7.1.2 "SECURITY MANAGEMENT: The cost centres, The security policy."
7.1.3 SECURITY METHODS AND SYSTEMS: Security control activities.
7.1.4 DEDICATED SECURITY PERSONNEL
7.1.5 "GUARDING RESOURCES: Resource requirements, General staff awareness, Intruder detection systems, CCTV, Intruder deterrence systems, Fire protection, Guard Dogs, Escaped Dogs, Gauging the resource requirement, Reimbursement."
7.1.6 REGULATION OF THE INDUSTRY 7.2 Document storage: Introduction.
7.2.1 "RECORDING AND DISTRIBUTING INFORMATION: The problem, The classification protocol."
7.2.2 "STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL OF PAPER DOCUMENTS: The business requirement, On- and off-site document filing."
7.2.3 SELF-STORAGE
7.2.4 MICROFILMING
7.2.5 "ELECTRONIC FILING: Gauging the pros and cons, Measuring capacity and performance." 7.3 Stationery: Introduction.
7.3.1 THE CONTENTS OF THE COST CENTRE: Definition.
7.3.2 THE USE OF STATIONERY
7.3.3 "STATIONERY COSTS: Costs per capita, The resource drivers, Economy measures." 7.4 Printing and reprographics: Introduction.
7.4.1 "HARD COPY REPRODUCTION: The processes, The contents of the cost centre, Origination, Reprographics, Local copiers, Machine printing, Computer printing."
7.4.2 PROCUREMENT
7.4.3 THE IN-HOUSE PRINT DEPARTMENT
7.4.4 THE ANNUAL COSTS: The cost drivers. 7.5 Information and communication technology (ICT): Introduction.
7.5.1 "ICT AND THE BUSINESS: The economics of ICT, ICT and the facilities manager."
7.5.2 "OFFICE NETWORKS: Personal Computers, Shared network printers, Structured voice and data cabling, Radio LANs and DECT phones, Network hubs and switches, Backbone cabling, Central ICT equipment rooms."
7.5.3 "EXTERNAL NETWORKS: The Internet, Wide Area Networks (WANs), Value added networks."
7.5.4 "TELEPHONE SYSTEMS: Private networks, Voice Over IP (VOIP), Mobile Ôphones, Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), Controlling telecommunications costs, Telephone system maintenance, Total costs of telephone services."
7.5.5 "ADVANCED TELECOMMUNICATIONS: Use of Facsimile (Fax), Video and audio conferencing, Audio-conferencing, Video-conferencing, Call centres."
7.5.6 "ICT COSTS: Hardware maintenance and support, Software maintenance and support, Software licences, System management."
7.5.7 "SECURITY AND CONTINUITY: Business continuity plans and disaster recovery, Asset management, Theft prevention, Data encryption, Domain names."
7.5.8 "INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS: The concept of the intelligent building, Intelligent building performance, Facilities management and intelligent buildings, Efficiency, effectiveness and opportunity, Characteristics of the intelligent building, The intelligent building process, Implementation of intelligent buildings, Integration of building management and office services." 7.6 Document distribution: Introduction.
7.6.1 CLASSIFICATION PROTOCOL
7.6.2 "MAIL PROCESSING: The continuing need for physical processing, The post room, Internal document distribution, External document distribution, Affordability." 7.7 Office furniture: Introduction.
7.7.1 "THE COMPONENTS: Basic requirements, Performance."
7.7.2 "THE FUNCTIONAL OPTIONS: The functions examined, The workplace."
7.7.3 "THE COSTS OF OFFICE FURNITURE: General workplace areas, Special areas."
7.7.4 "PROCUREMENT: Design, Specification and purchasing." 7.8 Vehicle fleet management: Introduction.
7.8.1 DEVELOPING A FLEET STRATEGY
7.8.2 "ISSUES INFLUENCING FLEET STRATEGY: Qualitative issues, Management issues."
7.8.3 PROVISION AND COST OF CENTRAL FLEET MANAGEMENT
7.8.4 "VEHICLE PROCUREMENT: Acquisition Continuum, Procurement options, Considerations in procurement, Effect on trading accounts."
7.8.5 "NEW AND USED CAR PRICES: Choosing the vehicle, New car prices, Used cars, Summary."
7.8.6 VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS
7.8.7 VEHICLE TELEMATICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
7.8.8 PERSONNEL PRESSURES
7.8.9 CONCLUSIONS 7.9 Disaster prevention and recovery: Introduction.
7.9.1 "THE NATURE OF DISASTER: Natural disaster, Man-made disaster."
7.9.2 "DISASTER RISK: Media responsibility, Media relations, Human response, Terrorist action, Preparations."
7.9.3 "PLANNED PREVENTION: The threats, Physical protection, Alertness."
7.9.4 "RESPONSE: Response to a threat, Recovery plan." 8.1 Catering: Introduction.
8.1.1 "THE CATERING POLICY: Policy considerations, Policy decisions."
8.1.2 THE CONTENTS OF THE COST CENTRE
8.1.3 "CATERING NUMBERS: Proportion of staff dining, Size of sitting."
8.1.4 "STYLES OF SERVICE: The choices, Self-catering/vending, Self-service, Waitress service, Remote catering, Single or multi-status."
8.1.5 THE MENU: The factors influencing the range.
8.1.6 THE PRICE: The pricing policy.
8.1.7 OPENING HOURS: Availability requirements.
8.1.8 "DECOR: Design requirements, The cost of fitting out."
8.1.9 "FOOD PREPARATION: Types of processing, Space and equipment."
8.1.10 SPACE REQUIREMENTS: Space per meal.
8.1.11 "LOCATION OF CATERING FACILITIES: Geographical location, Location within premises."
8.1.12 "THE COST OF CATERING PROVISION: Typical costs per capita, Typical meal cost analysis."
8.1.13 "MANAGEMENT: In-house v out-source, The catering contract, Multi-skilling."
8.1.14 "VENDING MACHINES: Services available, Quality and maintenance, Vending-machine policy, The economics of vending." 8.2 Health and safety at work: Introduction.
8.2.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY LEGISLATION - AN OVERVIEW: Sources of legislation.
8.2.2 "RISKS TO HEALTH AND SAFETY: What are the risks?, Common health and safety risks."
8.2.3 "ASSESSMENT OF RISK: Identifying risks, Assessing risks, Prioritising risks."
8.2.4 "MANAGEMENT OF RISKS: Planning for improvements, Implementing controls, Audit and review of risks."
8.2.5 "ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS: Implications for non-compliance, The costs of compliance, Legal considerations, The human factor."
8.2.6 "SICK BUILDING SYNDROME: Definition, The causes." 8.3 "Sports, social and welfare facilities: Introduction."
8.3.1 STAFF SUPPORT FACILITIES: Categories of staff support facilities.
8.3.2 REST ROOMS AND LOUNGE AREAS
8.3.3 RESIDENTIAL ACCOMMODATION
8.3.4 "THE WORKPLACE NURSERY (CRéCHE): The social case, The business case, The facilities required, Managing the facility, The cost of providing and operating workplace nursery, The annual costs, Fees, funding sources and taxation factors, The business payback."
8.3.5 "THE PHYSICAL FITNESS CENTRE: The medical case, Fitness and productivity, Capital and running costs, The business case."
8.3.6 SIMPLE EXERCISE AND HEALTH TESTING FACILITIES
8.3.7 SPORTS FACILITIES
PART D RELOCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 9.1 Premises and business performance: Introductin.
9.1.1 THE PREMISES POLICY IN PRACTICE: Premises costs in perspective.
9.1.2 "Fitness of premises for purpose: Problems and issues, Solutions and options."
9.1.3 "THE PREMISES OPTIONS: Make do and mend, Total relocation, Partial relocation."
9.1.4 "TECHNIQUES OF EVALUATION: Degrees of sophistication, Annual cost method, Life-cycle cost analysis." 9.2 Relocation: Introduction.
9.2.1 "TOTAL RELOCATION: The use of consultants, Planning - strategic and tactical, Economic appraisal, Implementation, Post-occupancy."
9.2.2 "PARTIAL RELOCATION: Reasons for splitting locations, Partial relocation - reduced premises costs."
9.2.3 BENEFITING FROM A SUCCESSFUL LOCATION
9.2.4 TOTAL ECONOMICS OF RELOCATION: Cost/benefit analysis. 9.3 Removal: Introduction.
9.3.1 "THE REMOVAL PROCESS: Project management, Preparing to move, Choosing the contractor, The programme for the removals, Moving out and in, Post-move activity, The cost of moving."
9.3.2 COMPULSORY PURCHASE
9.3.3 "INTERNATIONAL REMOVAL: Facilities implications, Shared service centres (SSC), Franchise/branded development, Languages, Culture and ethics of business." 10.1 The development process: Introduction.
10.1.1 THE DECISION TO BUILD
10.1.2 "SETTING UP THE PROJECT: The facilities managerÕs involvement, The project management decision, Project sponsorship."
10.1.3 "PARTICIPANTS AND ACTIVITIES: The qualities required of the development project manager, The development activities, Participants in the process"
10.1.4 "PRINCIPAL STAGES IN NEW DEVELOPMENT: Acquiring the land, Site Management, Planning permission process, Insurances prior to construction, Finance, Procuring services, The construction project, The asset management programme, The handover, Commissioning and occupation, Insurance of premises in occupation." 10.2 Objectives underlying the development process: Introduction.
10.2.1 "PROPERTY DEVELOPERS' ACTIVITIES: Categories, Developer/dealer, Developer/investor, Developer/owner-occupier, Developer/public sector, Developer/voluntary sector."
10.2.2 "THE DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS: Premises options, Do nothing, Expand on the existing site with new development, Acquire adjoining property for expansion, Acquire land and/or a property and develop/redevelop as a new site."
10.2.3 Disposal for redevelopment of part of a holding 10.3 The economics of development: Introduction.
10.3.1 "THE DEVELOPMENT BUDGET: The development equation, Components of the development budget, Applications of the development equation, Explanation of the components and factors, The development budget in use - example, Example A:, Example B:, Guide to selection of development budget factors."
10.3.2 "LAND-USE ECONOMICS: Enhancing the land value, Depreciation of land value."
10.3.3 "THE BUILDING: The construction process, The building design, Works and supplies, Refurbishment." 10.4 Funding of proposals: Introduction.
10.4.1 "FUNDERS' REQUIREMENTS: Introduction, Making a proposal, Valuation of security."
10.4.2 TERMS AND CONDITIONS
10.4.3 "TYPES OF FUNDING: Funding and the facilities manager, Equity and debt, Taxation, Corporate and project funding, Public bodies, Duration of funding arrangements."
10.4.4 EXTERNAL SOURCES OF FUNDS
10.4.5 CORPORATE FINANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT: Flotation of company.
10.4.6 PROJECT FINANCE (FROM EXTERNAL SOURCES) 10.5 Financial incentives and mobile investment: Introduction.
10.5.1 "EUROPEAN COMMISSION CONTROL OF FINANCIAL INCENTIVES: The control of ""state aids"", New regional aid guidelines."
10.5.2 ASSISTED AREAS AND AWARD MAXIMA IN THE UK
10.5.3 "SUPPORT FOR MOBILE INVESTMENT PROJECTS: Regional Selective Assistance, Other forms of support."
10.5.4 SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION
10.5.5 CONCLUSIONS 10.6 Whole-life economics: Introduction.
10.6.1 "ATTITUDES TOWARDS WHOLE-LIFE ECONOMICS: An academic concept, The influence of ownership, Challenging the apathy."
10.6.2 "WHOLE-LIFE COSTS: Cost analysis, Building performance, cost and value."
10.6.3 "APPRAISAL TECHNIQUES: The principal methods, Simple aggregation, The Net Present Value (NPV), The Annual Equivalent (AE), Discounted cash flow, Inflation and DCF."
10.6.4 "COMPONENT LIFE-CYCLES: Factors influencing component life, Life-cycle prediction, Intelligent life-cycle prediction, Risk modelling."
10.6.5 LIFE-CYCLE FUND MANAGEMENT - THE ROLE: A new role identified.
10.6.6 CONTROLLING THE LIFE-CYCLE FUND: Application of cost control principles.
10.6.7 "WHOLE-LIFE BUDGETARY CONTROL: Principles and application, The whole-life capital cost plan, Whole-life capital and operating cost plan, Cost-checking design development, Guarantees and the like, The significance of operating and replacement costs, Detailed cost appraisal of options, Budgetary control in occupation."
10.6.8 PROCUREMENT
10.6.9 "VALUE ENGINEERING: The right balance, Pay-back analysis, Whole-life performance appraisal, Resourcing the value engineering process."
Chapte 10.6.10 "LIFE-CYCLE COSTS IN A WIDER CONTEXT: Initial costs in context, Operating and replacement costs in context, Whole-life v ÔpeopleÕ costs."
Chapte 10.6.11 "WHOLE-LIFE BUILDING QUALITY: Implications for user and provider, Measuring whole-life quality."
PART E TAXATION 11.1 Tax efficiency: Introduction.
11.1.1 "PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION INCLUDING TAX PLANNING: Principles, Tax planning."
11.1.2 Taxation and the facilities manager
11.1.3 PROPERTY OWNERSHIP AND TAXATION
11.1.4 "TAXATION POLICY AND STRUCTURE: Income taxation, Capital taxation, Consumption taxation, Environmental taxation."
11.1.5 CONFIGURATION OF ORGANISATION FOR TAXES
11.1.6 EXPENDITURE ON PROPERTY
11.1.7 "MANAGEMENT OF TAXATION: Government, Executive, Court action and appeals, Tax year." 11.2 Corporation tax and income tax: Introduction.
11.2.1 "SOURCES OF INCOME: Schedules of income taxation assessment, Taxpayers."
11.2.2 RATES OF INCOME TAXATION
11.2.3 EXEMPTIONS AND RELIEFS
11.2.4 DEDUCTIONS IN RESPECT OF REVENUE EXPENDITURE
11.2.5 "CAPITAL ALLOWANCES: Government policy, Nature and amounts of capital allowances, Corporation tax planning, Disposals." 11.3 Capital taxes: Introduction.
11.3.1 "CAPITAL GAINS TAX: Brief History, Taxpayers and non-taxpayers, Disposals, Date of disposal, Exemptions and reliefs, Computations, Taxes interaction."
11.3.2 "INHERTITANCE TAX (IHT): Brief History, Facilities manager and IHT, Taxable estate, Exemptions and reliefs, Tax planning."
11.3.3 "STAMP DUTY: Shares, Land and Buildings, Leases, Exemptions, reliefs and tax mitigation, Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT), New proposals." 11.4 Environmental taxation: Introduction.
11.4.1 ENERGY TAXATION: Fuel taxation.
11.4.2 HEALTH TAXATION
11.4.3 POLLUTION TAXATION
11.4.4 TRANSPORTATION TAXATION
11.4.5 DISADVANTAGED AREAS 11.5 Value Added Tax (VAT): Introduction.
11.5.1 VAT AND THE FACILITIES MANAGER
11.5.2 "GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF VAT: Taxable persons, Input tax and output tax, VAT returns and payments, Recovery of VAT, Kinds of rates and exemption, Listed buildings and monuments etc, Exempt supplies, Lower rate, Treatment in account and in taxation, Taxes interaction, Recovery of overpaid VAT, Incorrect certificates as to zero rating etc, ÔCapital goodsÕ scheme."
11.5.3 "RELEVANT SUPPLIES: Disposal of interests in land and buildings, Construction services and goods, Professional and specialist services."
11.5.4 "STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT FOR VAT PURPOSES: Primary conditions, Definitions of Ônon development landÕ, Definition of Ôland under developmentÕ."
11.5.5 THE STATUS OF THE SUPPLIER: Status in construction and development.
11.5.6 "OPTION TO TAX INCOME FROM PROPERTY: The principle, Eligibility for Ôoption to taxÕ, Consequences, Timing, Notification, Records, Tax point for chargeable leases, Existing leases, Input tax, Advice to landlords and tenants."
11.5.7 SELF SUPPLY OF LAND: Liability of charge.
11.5.8 SELF SUPPLY OF CONSTRUCTION SERVICES
11.5.9 "SERVICE CHARGES AND THE LIKE: The provision of services, The main supply, Separate supply." 11.6 Business rates and council tax: Introduction.
11.6.1 "THE NATURE OF BUSINESS RATES: The evolution of the rating system, Liability to pay business rates, Occupation and ownership, A non-domestic hereditament."
11.6.2 "EXEMPTIONS AND RELIEFS: Exemptions from rating, Relief from rating."
11.6.3 "RATES ON EMPTY BUILDINGS: Wholly-unoccupied property, Partly-occupied property."
11.6.4 "RATEABLE VALUE: The basis of valuation, Alterations to the rating list, Alteration to the list following Reval 2000, Alterations to the list in other circumstances."
11.6.5 METHODS OF VALUATION
11.6.6 PLANT AND MACHINERY
11.6.7 "DOMESTIC PROPERTY: COUNCIL TAX: Council tax, Dwellings, ÒComposite PropertyÓ, Short-stay accommodation."
11.6.8 APPEALS
PART F THE FACILITIES AUDIT 12.1 The facilities management audit: Introduction.
12.1.1 "THE CONCEPT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT: Space and cost audits, The premises audit, The enterprise knowledge audit, The enterprise document output audit, Specific output audits, Cost benchmarking, Containment of risk."
12.1.2 FACILITIES MANAGEMENT AUDIT CENTRES 12.2 Benchmarking: Introduction.
12.2.1 THE MEANING OF BENCHMARKING
12.2.2 THE SUBJECT AREAS
12.2.3 APPROACHES TO BENCHMARKING
12.2.4 "BENCHMARKING CLUBS: The pros and cons, Intra-organisational benchmarking, Facilitation, Finding best performance, Setting up and running a benchmarking club, Data collection, The Ôoranges and applesÕ syndrome, A benchmarking club in operation - a case study, Principal benefits."
12.2.5 "DATA EXCHANGE GROUPS: Purpose and operation, Accuracy of data."
12.2.6 "DATABASE BENCHMARKING: Composition of databases, Using a database, ÔFirst-strikeÕ benchmarking, Variable data-drivers, Budget preparation."
12.2.7 "BENCHMARKING COSTS: Peer group comparables, Typical cost ranges, Cost benchmarking models, The importance of protocol, Space definitions, Headcount, Using the comparators."
12.2.8 "BENCHMARKING QUALITY: Overcoming subjectivity, Input and Output, Measuring quality, Benchmarking user satisfaction"
12.2.9 BENCHMARKING CONTRACTOR PERFORMANCE
